Which group attacked the Song Dynasty from the north, according to historical records?

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Multiple Choice

Which group attacked the Song Dynasty from the north, according to historical records?

Explanation:
Northern threats from powerful states defined much of the Song era. The Liao, established by the Khitan people, pressed the Song from the north and repeatedly clashed with them. Later, the Jin, a Jurchen state in the northeast, broke through Song defenses and captured the northern capital in 1127, forcing the Song to retreat south and continue as the Southern Song. Eventually, the Mongols swept in from the north, first conquering the Jin and then the Song, uniting northern China under the Yuan Dynasty. These three groups—Liao, Jin, and Mongols—are the ones that attacked from the north according to historical records. The other groups listed did not mount sustained northern invasions of the Song in the same way.

Northern threats from powerful states defined much of the Song era. The Liao, established by the Khitan people, pressed the Song from the north and repeatedly clashed with them. Later, the Jin, a Jurchen state in the northeast, broke through Song defenses and captured the northern capital in 1127, forcing the Song to retreat south and continue as the Southern Song. Eventually, the Mongols swept in from the north, first conquering the Jin and then the Song, uniting northern China under the Yuan Dynasty. These three groups—Liao, Jin, and Mongols—are the ones that attacked from the north according to historical records. The other groups listed did not mount sustained northern invasions of the Song in the same way.

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